{"id":786,"date":"2022-05-23T09:05:35","date_gmt":"2022-05-23T08:05:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/?p=786"},"modified":"2023-06-22T14:46:49","modified_gmt":"2023-06-22T13:46:49","slug":"la-terre-crue","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/?p=786","title":{"rendered":"La terre crue"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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LA TERRE CRUE <\/h1>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u00a9 Photo Thierry Joffroy<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adepte de l\u2019architecture \u00e9cologique ? La terre crue ne n\u00e9cessite pas beaucoup d\u2019\u00e9nergie dans la fabrication, saine et naturelle, c\u2019est \u00e9galement une r\u00e9gulatrice de l\u2019hygrom\u00e9trie. Une construction en terre crue r\u00e9gule l\u2019humidit\u00e9 et l\u2019air int\u00e9rieur. Et bonne nouvelle, elle est 100 % recyclable si vous l\u2019utilisez sans la m\u00e9langer avec du ciment.

La terre crue pr\u00e9sente en effet de nombreux avantages, notamment en termes d\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 et de prix. Elle a cependant besoin d\u2019\u00eatre associ\u00e9e \u00e0 un isolant avant toute utilisation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Il existe plusieurs m\u00e9thodes pour r\u00e9aliser une construction en terre crue :

– Le pis\u00e9 : il contient un m\u00e9lange d\u2019argile, de sable et de graviers. La terre est compact\u00e9e dans un coffrage en bois \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un pisoir. Aujourd’hui, la m\u00e9thode de compactage a \u00e9volu\u00e9, ce qui conf\u00e8re plus de rapidit\u00e9 et d\u2019efficacit\u00e9 aux constructeurs. Cette technique permet d\u2019avoir un mur solide, autoporteur et bien isol\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En effet, une fois s\u00e9ch\u00e9, le pis\u00e9 devient un v\u00e9ritable b\u00e9ton naturel. R\u00e9sistant, et isolant, les murs en pis\u00e9 agissent comme un climatiseur naturel par leur aptitude \u00e0 emmagasiner la chaleur au cours de la journ\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Le torchis : une technique ancienne, se fait \u00e0 base d\u2019un m\u00e9lange terre-paille ou de terre-chanvre, on obtient une torche que l\u2019on \u00e9tale sur des lattes de bois en deux temps. La premi\u00e8re couche d\u2019une \u00e9paisseur de 5 cm environ puis la seconde pour consolider la premi\u00e8re. On appelle cela la technique du remplissage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Les briques d\u2019Adobe : les briques sont obtenues par m\u00e9lange d\u2019eau, d\u2019argile et de d\u00e9bris v\u00e9g\u00e9taux (Tels que la paille, les coupeaux de bois, du chanvre, etc. \u2026) que l\u2019on coule dans un moule en bois puis qu\u2019on laisse s\u00e9cher au soleil. A l\u2019\u00e9poque, cette technique se faisait \u00e0 la main ; aujourd\u2019hui, les professionnels utilisent des presses. Ces briques peuvent \u00eatre color\u00e9es pour plus d\u2019esth\u00e9tisme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


– La bauge : cette m\u00e9thode n\u00e9cessite beaucoup de travail, car la mise en \u0153uvre est manuelle et tr\u00e8s longue. Apr\u00e8s avoir m\u00e9lang\u00e9 la terre avec des fibres v\u00e9g\u00e9tales, des boules sont form\u00e9es. L\u2019\u00e9quipe au sol lance les boules au ma\u00e7on qui les pose en les empilant, ensuite la face est battue pour refermer les \u00e9ventuelles fissures. Il existe aujourd\u2019hui une nouvelle technique qui permet de coffrer la bauge, celle-ci rejoint la m\u00e9thode du pis\u00e9, on l\u2019appelle \u00ab la bauge coffr\u00e9e. \u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n


– La BTC (brique de terre crue compress\u00e9e) : c\u2019est une sorte de brique de pis\u00e9e. La BTC est obtenue \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une presse. Contrairement \u00e0 certaines techniques qui n\u00e9cessitent un s\u00e9chage, la BTC est imm\u00e9diatement empil\u00e9e de sorte \u00e0 laisser s\u00e9cher \u00e0 l\u2019air les faces principales.

Auto-constructeur dans l\u2019\u00e2me, avec un budget limit\u00e9, la terre crue s\u2019offre \u00e0 vous. Vous pouvez la trouver dans votre jardin (attention, elle doit avoir une texture assez argileuse), et vous laissez emporter vers l\u2019exp\u00e9rience des maisons en terre. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Adepte de l\u2019architecture \u00e9cologique ?\u00a0La terre crue ne n\u00e9cessite pas beaucoup d\u2019\u00e9nergie dans la fabrication, saine et naturelle, c\u2019est \u00e9galement une r\u00e9gulatrice de l\u2019hygrom\u00e9trie.\u00a0Une construction en terre crue r\u00e9gule l\u2019humidit\u00e9 et l\u2019air int\u00e9rieur.\u00a0Et bonne nouvelle, elle est 100 % recyclable si vous l\u2019utilisez sans la m\u00e9langer avec du ciment.<\/p>\n

La terre crue pr\u00e9sente en effet de nombreux avantages, notamment en termes d\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 et de prix. Elle a cependant besoin d\u2019\u00eatre associ\u00e9e \u00e0 un isolant avant toute utilisation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=786"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1547,"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786\/revisions\/1547"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/designum-architecture.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}